Sex differences in immune–vessel cell interactions in Kawasaki disease

Role of Sex in Immune Stromal cell Interactions driving cardiovascular lesions in Kawasaki Disease vasculitis

NIH-funded research Cedars-Sinai Medical Center · NIH-11189694

This project looks at how being male or female changes immune and blood-vessel cell behavior that leads to coronary artery damage in people with Kawasaki disease.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionCedars-Sinai Medical Center NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Los Angeles, United States)
Project IDNIH-11189694 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient viewpoint, researchers will compare immune cells and coronary vessel wall cells from children with Kawasaki disease and from lab mice that mimic the illness to learn why boys often have worse disease. They will focus on an inflammatory pathway called NLRP3–IL‑1β and study which immune cells make this inflammatory signal in the affected blood vessels. The team will examine how vascular smooth muscle cells change their behavior and interact with infiltrating monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Lab techniques will include cellular and tissue analyses, experiments in mice, and study of human clinical samples to link the biology to disease severity.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Children (and young adults) diagnosed with acute Kawasaki disease—particularly those who are IVIG-resistant or at high risk for coronary artery complications—would be the ideal candidates to contribute samples or participate.

Not a fit: People without Kawasaki disease or those who have already fully recovered without coronary involvement are unlikely to gain direct benefit from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the work could point to new ways to prevent or treat coronary artery damage in Kawasaki disease, especially for patients who do not respond to standard IVIG therapy.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research has implicated the NLRP3–IL‑1β pathway in Kawasaki disease and IL‑1 blocking treatments have helped some refractory patients, but studying how sex differences shape immune–vessel interactions is a newer direction.

Where this research is happening

Los Angeles, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.