RNA and viral-vector vaccine to boost immune protection against HIV

Investigating the Protective Efficacy of SIV/HIV T and B cell Immunity Induced by RNA Replicons

['FUNDING_R01'] · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · NIH-11306069

This project develops a vaccine approach using RNA and harmless viral vectors to train the immune system to make strong T cells and antibodies to protect people from HIV.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorMASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL (nih funded)
Locations1 site (BOSTON, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11306069 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

Researchers are designing a combined vaccine that uses structure-guided selection of stable HIV protein pieces together with two delivery methods — a chimpanzee adenoviral vector and lipid-nanoparticle mRNA — to stimulate both CD8+ T cells and neutralizing antibodies. The team uses structure-based network analysis to choose viral targets that are less able to mutate, with the aim of focusing immune responses on conserved regions. Early work in rhesus macaques has shown strong T cell responses to those targets and robust trimer-specific antibody responses, and the project will refine these immunogens and delivery approaches. The overall goal is to develop a preventive vaccine strategy that can move toward human testing if preclinical results are favorable.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates for future trials would be people at risk of HIV infection or healthy volunteers willing to enroll in vaccine safety and efficacy studies.

Not a fit: People already living with HIV are unlikely to benefit from this preventive vaccine approach, and individuals with severe immune compromise may not respond well.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to a preventive HIV vaccine that lowers the chance of infection by eliciting durable T cell and antibody protection.

How similar studies have performed: Adenoviral and mRNA vaccine platforms have produced promising immune responses in animal models and early human studies, but no vaccine has yet reliably prevented HIV infection in large-scale trials.

Where this research is happening

BOSTON, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.