Rectal immunization to block HIV at the mucosal entry point

Intrarectal Immunization for a Barrier to Mucosal HIV Infection

['FUNDING_R01'] · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · NIH-11294185

Aiming to create long-lasting immune defenses in the rectal lining to help prevent HIV infection.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorTEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (nih funded)
Locations1 site (SAN ANTONIO, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11294185 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

This project develops a rectal vaccine approach that places HIV antigens at mucosal sites so local immune cells stay 'on alert.' The team uses epithelial stem cells as a long-lasting, non-producing source of antigen while their short-lived offspring display the antigen to the immune system. The goal is to generate both local mucosal immunity to stop the virus at the entry site and systemic responses as a backup. Most work appears preclinical with animal models and laboratory studies focused on whether this delivery strategy produces durable protective responses.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People at risk of HIV exposure through receptive anal sex or other rectal exposures would be the likely target population for this approach.

Not a fit: People already living with HIV or those whose primary exposure risk is not rectal (for example only vaginal exposure) would be unlikely to gain direct benefit from this specific approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could stop HIV at the site of exposure and offer longer-lasting protection than current strategies.

How similar studies have performed: Mucosal vaccine strategies have shown promise in animal studies but HIV vaccine efforts in humans have so far had limited success, so this approach is promising but still largely untested in people.

Where this research is happening

SAN ANTONIO, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.