Quick tests to detect recent HIV infections in sub‑Saharan Africa

Rapid Tests for Recent Infection (RTRI) for Precision Public Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: Next-Generation Strategies Amid Changing HIV Epidemiology

NIH-funded research New York University School of Medicine · NIH-11221911

This project uses a rapid HIV test that can tell if an infection likely happened within the past year to help focus prevention and testing where new cases are occurring in sub‑Saharan Africa.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionNew York University School of Medicine NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11221911 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you test positive for HIV at participating clinics, a quick test (RTRI) looks at your antibodies to see if the infection is likely recent (about within the past year). The team links recent results with place and time to find active transmission clusters and guide where to intensify testing, prevention, and outreach. The work builds on Zambia's rollout of RTRI and combines clinic-based testing, routine data, and pilot response actions to try to stop chains of new infections faster. Researchers aim to make this approach faster and cheaper than genetic sequencing so health programs can respond in near real time.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People in sub‑Saharan Africa who receive an HIV‑positive test at participating clinics—including adolescents and adults—would be the main candidates for RTRI follow‑up.

Not a fit: People who are HIV‑negative, whose infections clearly occurred more than a year ago, or who are not in participating regions or clinics are unlikely to directly benefit from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could help programs find and stop recent HIV transmission faster, preventing more infections while using resources more efficiently.

How similar studies have performed: Rapid recent‑infection tests have been used in places like Zambia and look promising for finding recent cases, but using them routinely to trigger real‑time public‑health responses is still relatively new.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.