Programmable RNA immunotherapy for solid tumors

Immunotherapy via engineered therapeutic programs in tumors using RNA

NIH-funded research Massachusetts Institute of Technology · NIH-11176834

This work uses lab-made RNA packed in tiny lipid particles that are injected into tumors to wake up the immune system and help shrink solid cancers.

Quick facts

Grant typeU01 cooperative agreement
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionMassachusetts Institute of Technology NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Cambridge, United States)
Project IDNIH-11176834 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient's perspective, researchers are putting synthetic self-replicating RNA into tiny lipid nanoparticles and injecting them directly into tumors to turn cancer cells and nearby immune cells into factories for anti-cancer proteins. The RNA is designed with safety controls so it is only active in target cancer or immune cells and can carry multiple therapeutic genes at controlled levels. In lab and animal models this approach caused tumor cell death, drew immune cells into the tumor, and shrank both injected and distant tumors. The team aims to refine the RNA designs and delivery to make the treatment safer and more effective against solid tumors that often resist current immunotherapies.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates would be people with accessible solid tumors—especially those with at least one tumor that can be injected—and who have cancers that have not responded to standard treatments or immunotherapies.

Not a fit: People with cancers that are not solid tumors (for example many blood cancers), tumors that cannot be safely injected, or those with severe immune suppression may not benefit from this intratumoral RNA approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could help more people with solid tumors respond to immunotherapy by triggering strong local and systemic anti-cancer immune responses.

How similar studies have performed: Related LNP-RNA approaches and checkpoint/CAR‑T therapies have produced strong responses in some cancers and the team’s preliminary animal data show tumor regression, but intratumoral self-replicating RNA with programmable circuits is a novel strategy for human treatment.

Where this research is happening

Cambridge, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Cancer CauseCancer EtiologyCancer ModelCancerModelCancers
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.