Preventing items from being left inside patients during surgery

Retained Foreign Object Reduction and Mitigation (ReFORM)

NIH-funded research Medical University of South Carolina · NIH-11162288

This project will develop better counting methods, tools, and teamwork to stop surgical items from being left inside patients during operations.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionMedical University of South Carolina NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Charleston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11162288 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient perspective, researchers are building a Patient Safety Learning Lab to understand why surgical items get lost and to find practical fixes. They will map the counting process, run lab experiments that simulate operating-room pressures and distractions, and try different ways of grouping and tracking instruments and sponges (including new technologies). The team will also study how teamwork and hospital learning after an event affect safety and will work with hospitals to pilot improved counting procedures.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal participants would be patients scheduled for surgeries at participating hospitals and the surgical teams who perform those operations.

Not a fit: Patients receiving non-surgical care or having surgery at hospitals not involved in the project would not directly benefit from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lower the number of patients harmed by items accidentally left inside them during surgery.

How similar studies have performed: Previous reliance on manual counts and some technologies has reduced incidents in places but has not solved the problem, and this comprehensive systems-engineering approach aims to address gaps that prior efforts left open.

Where this research is happening

Charleston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.