PET and MRI scans to find brain inflammation and blood‑brain‑barrier leaks in autoimmune epilepsy

TSPO-PET and MRI Imaging as Novel Imaging Tools for Autoimmune Epilepsy

NIH-funded research New York University School of Medicine · NIH-11317227

Special PET and MRI scans will look for brain inflammation and blood–brain‑barrier leaks in people with seizures thought to be caused by autoimmunity, including those with and without detectable autoantibodies.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionNew York University School of Medicine NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11317227 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

You will get a PET scan using a new tracer ([11C]ER176) to visualize activated immune cells in the brain and MRI scans (including DCE‑MRI) to measure blood–brain‑barrier disruption. The study compares people with antibody‑positive autoimmune epilepsy, people suspected of autoimmune epilepsy but antibody‑negative, people with focal epilepsy from a known structural cause, and healthy volunteers. A small validation group will have lumbar puncture and blood tests to compare CSF‑to‑serum albumin ratios with the imaging signs of barrier leak. Some participants will have repeat PET scans to observe how inflammation changes over time.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults with focal seizures suspected to be autoimmune—either with known neural autoantibodies or clinically suspected despite negative antibodies—are the primary candidates, with people who have structural focal epilepsy and healthy volunteers included as comparison groups.

Not a fit: People whose seizures are clearly due to non‑autoimmune causes (for example primary generalized epilepsies) or those unable to undergo PET/MRI or lumbar puncture may not gain direct benefit from participation.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, these tests could help doctors identify which people with seizures have brain inflammation or a leaky blood–brain barrier and guide targeted immune treatments.

How similar studies have performed: Related PET and MRI methods have detected brain inflammation in other neurological diseases, but applying TSPO‑PET with [11C]ER176 and DCE‑MRI specifically to autoimmune epilepsy is relatively new.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Autoimmune disease biomarker
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.