Nurse-led care for rifampicin-resistant TB in community clinics versus doctor-led hospital care

The Bring BPaL2Me Trial - Comparing Nurse-Led RR-TB Treatment in Primary Care to Physician-Led, Hospital-Based RR-TB Treatment: A Cluster Randomized, Non-Inferiority Trial

NIH-funded research Johns Hopkins University · NIH-11403845

This project compares nurse-led rifampicin-resistant TB treatment in community clinics to doctor-led hospital care for people with drug-resistant TB, many of whom also have HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionJohns Hopkins University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Baltimore, United States)
Project IDNIH-11403845 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This multi-site trial in South Africa randomizes primary care clinic clusters to nurse-led management of rifampicin-resistant TB or to the standard physician-led hospital outpatient model. About 50 clusters across KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng, and Eastern Cape aim to enroll roughly 2,944 participants after screening ~3,800 people with RR-TB. Most participants are expected to be HIV co-infected, and care in the clinic arm is integrated with routine HIV services. The trial tests whether decentralized, nurse-led care can keep outcomes no worse than standard hospital-based care while reducing patient costs and improving access.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults diagnosed with rifampicin-resistant TB (many with HIV) who can attend participating primary care clinics or are referred from district hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng, or Eastern Cape are the intended candidates.

Not a fit: People without rifampicin-resistant TB, those who need inpatient hospitalization for severe illness, or individuals living outside the participating provinces are unlikely to benefit directly from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, people with rifampicin-resistant TB could receive effective, lower-cost treatment at local clinics with better integration of HIV care.

How similar studies have performed: Nurse-led, decentralized care has matched hospital outcomes for drug-susceptible TB in South Africa, but nurse-led management specifically for rifampicin-resistant TB has been less widely tested and remains not fully proven.

Where this research is happening

Baltimore, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.