Mindfulness-enhanced brain stimulation for depression

Mindfulness Engaged Neurostimulation for Depression (MEND)

NIH-funded research University of California, San Diego · NIH-11516191

This project tests whether combining a breath-focused attention training with targeted brain stimulation helps people with treatment-resistant depression think more clearly and feel better.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California, San Diego NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (La Jolla, United States)
Project IDNIH-11516191 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

You would receive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) aimed at the brain area involved in cognitive control while also using a digital breath-focused attention training. The team pairs the behavioral training with DLPFC-targeted rTMS across multiple in-person treatment sessions and measures changes in thinking skills and mood. The goal is to see if the combined approach improves cognitive control and leads to better depression outcomes than typical treatments alone. The work builds on the idea that strengthening cognitive skills while stimulating the brain may produce larger, more lasting benefits.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults with major depression that has not responded adequately to at least two prior treatments and who can attend repeated in-person rTMS sessions.

Not a fit: People whose depression responds well to first-line treatments, or those with medical reasons that make rTMS unsafe (for example certain metal implants or a seizure disorder), may not benefit from this approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could improve thinking skills and increase the chance of remission for people whose depression hasn’t responded to standard treatments.

How similar studies have performed: rTMS alone has shown modest remission rates (~30%) for treatment-resistant depression, and combining it with breath-focused cognitive training is a relatively new strategy with promising early evidence but not yet proven.

Where this research is happening

La Jolla, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.