Making pulse oximeters fairer for people with darker skin

Overcoming inequities in Pulse oximetry Through clinical InformatiCs (OPTIC)

NIH-funded research Duke University · NIH-11264759

Using hospital records and smart computer tools to spot patients whose pulse oximeters might miss low oxygen levels, especially people with darker skin.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionDuke University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Durham, United States)
Project IDNIH-11264759 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project uses routinely collected hospital records and arterial blood gas tests to find when pulse oximeters overestimate oxygen, a problem that happens more often in people with darker skin. Researchers will train a machine learning model on vital signs, lab results, and oxygen measurements from nine hospitals to predict who is at high risk for hidden low oxygen. When the model flags a patient, clinicians could be prompted to check arterial blood gases or adjust monitoring. The goal is to reduce missed low-oxygen events and the unequal harm they cause.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Hospitalized patients who are being monitored with pulse oximetry—particularly people with darker skin tones—would be the main candidates for the model's alerts and related checks.

Not a fit: People not receiving care in the participating hospitals, those without pulse oximeter monitoring, or those already having frequent arterial blood gas testing may not benefit directly from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the work could detect hidden low oxygen earlier and reduce racial disparities in oxygen monitoring, helping prevent organ damage from untreated hypoxemia.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies have documented pulse oximeter bias by skin tone, but deploying multi-hospital machine learning to predict hidden hypoxemia is a relatively new approach.

Where this research is happening

Durham, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.