Low-carbohydrate ketogenic eating for people with type 1 diabetes

EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF A KETOGENIC DIET IN TYPE 1 DIABETES

NIH-funded research Washington University · NIH-11323149

A very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet is being tried in adults with type 1 diabetes to improve blood sugar control and lower insulin needs.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionWashington University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Saint Louis, United States)
Project IDNIH-11323149 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This two-site randomized trial will enroll adults with type 1 diabetes at Washington University in St. Louis and Sansum Diabetes Research to follow a very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (≤50 g carbs/day) or continue usual care. Participants will be followed for several months with regular clinic visits, continuous or frequent glucose monitoring, and collection of insulin dose, HbA1c, lipid panels, and safety labs. The study will record episodes of low blood sugar, markers related to diabetic ketoacidosis risk, bone health, and quality of life. Investigators will compare outcomes between the ketogenic diet group and the control group to see whether the diet lowers insulin requirements and improves glucose stability while tracking side effects.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults with established type 1 diabetes who use insulin and are willing to try a very-low-carbohydrate diet under close medical supervision.

Not a fit: People with recent diabetic ketoacidosis, frequent severe hypoglycemia, active eating disorders, pregnancy, or who cannot closely monitor glucose are unlikely to benefit and may be excluded.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the diet could lower blood sugars, reduce total daily insulin doses, and decrease diabetes-related risks for adults with type 1 diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Small case series and observational studies have reported improved glycemic measures with ketogenic diets in type 1 diabetes, but no randomized trial longer than seven days has been completed.

Where this research is happening

Saint Louis, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.