Leaking mitochondrial DNA that turns on brain immune cells in Alzheimer's

mtDNA leakage and STING-dependent microglial innate immune response in Alzheimer's disease

NIH-funded research Wake Forest University Health Sciences · NIH-11413325

This research explains how fragments of mitochondrial DNA can switch on immune responses in the brain and contribute to inflammation in people with Alzheimer's.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionWake Forest University Health Sciences NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Winston-Salem, United States)
Project IDNIH-11413325 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will examine brain immune cells (microglia) from people with Alzheimer's and from an Alzheimer mouse model to see whether mitochondrial DNA leaks into the cell fluid and activates the cGAS–STING pathway. They will compare patient samples and animal tissues, measure mitochondrial DNA in microglia, and track markers of STING-driven inflammation. In mice, the team will reduce cGAS or block STING signaling to see if that lowers microglial inflammation and related brain damage. The goal is to find whether this pathway could be a target for treatments that reduce harmful inflammation in Alzheimer's.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment who can provide clinical samples or participate in related research at the study site.

Not a fit: People without Alzheimer's-related neuroinflammation, those with other types of dementia, or anyone seeking immediate approved therapies are unlikely to receive direct clinical benefit from this laboratory-focused work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new anti-inflammatory approaches that slow brain damage in Alzheimer's by blocking the cGAS–STING pathway.

How similar studies have performed: Preclinical studies have linked cGAS–STING to neuroinflammation and shown reduced inflammation when the pathway is blocked in animal models, but human therapies based on this approach remain experimental.

Where this research is happening

Winston-Salem, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired brain injuryAlzheimer disease dementiaAlzheimer disease treatment
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.