Is the TB protein ESAT-6 helpful for vaccines?

A novel approach to determine the value of ESAT-6 as an antigen in M. tuberculosis infection and vaccines

NIH-funded research University of California, San Francisco · NIH-11267237

Researchers are looking at whether the tuberculosis protein ESAT-6 helps the immune system fight TB to guide better vaccines for people at risk.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California, San Francisco NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (San Francisco, United States)
Project IDNIH-11267237 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

You should know that this project focuses on ESAT-6, a protein from the TB bacterium that triggers strong immune responses. The team will compare immune responses to vaccines that include ESAT-6 versus those that do not using laboratory assays and animal models. They will measure T cell and antibody responses and how well those responses protect against TB infection. The goal is to find out if ESAT-6 improves protection or acts as a distracting 'decoy' that reduces vaccine effectiveness.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: This research would most directly interest people at risk of TB, those with prior BCG vaccination, or people who might join future TB vaccine trials.

Not a fit: People currently being treated for active TB are unlikely to receive direct benefit from this laboratory-focused work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could clarify whether ESAT-6 should be included or avoided in TB vaccines, helping researchers design more effective vaccines that reduce TB risk.

How similar studies have performed: Previous vaccine efforts that included ESAT-6 have produced only modest protection in animals and mixed results in humans, so the role of ESAT-6 remains unclear.

Where this research is happening

San Francisco, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.