Investigating how sex and hormones affect HIV transmission in rectal tissues.

Sex, Gender, and HIV Transmission: Defining the Impact of Biological Sex and Sex Hormones on Epithelial and Immune Cell Transcriptomics and HIV Transmission in Human Rectal Tissues

NIH-funded research Emory University · NIH-10890674

This study is looking at how biological sex and hormone therapy affect the rectal area, which is important for understanding HIV transmission, especially in transgender individuals, by comparing tissue samples from cisgender men and women to see how hormones might change the way our immune system works.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionEmory University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Atlanta, United States)
Project IDNIH-10890674 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This research focuses on understanding the impact of biological sex and sex hormones on the rectal mucosal environment, which is crucial for HIV transmission. It aims to explore how gender-affirming hormone therapy influences immune and epithelial cell functions in transgender individuals. By comparing gene expression patterns in rectal tissues of cisgender men and women, and examining the effects of sex hormones on these tissues, the study seeks to uncover mechanisms that may affect susceptibility to HIV. The research employs advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing to gather detailed insights.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this research include transgender men and women who are undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy.

Not a fit: Patients who are not transgender or do not use gender-affirming hormone therapy may not benefit from this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this research could lead to improved HIV prevention strategies tailored for transgender individuals.

How similar studies have performed: While there is ongoing research in HIV prevention, this specific focus on the intersection of gender-affirming hormone therapy and HIV transmission in transgender individuals is relatively novel.

Where this research is happening

Atlanta, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.