Injectable mRNA therapy to clear hidden HIV in the body

Eliminating the latent reservoir by targeted in vivo delivery of HIV-specific CARs

NIH-funded research University of Pennsylvania · NIH-11285200

An injectable mRNA treatment aims to teach the immune system to find and remove hidden HIV in people living with HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Philadelphia, United States)
Project IDNIH-11285200 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From my point of view as a patient, researchers are creating an injectable mRNA vaccine-like therapy that delivers HIV-targeting CARs directly into the body so immune cells can hunt down latent virus. They will first fine-tune the lipid nanoparticle formulations in the lab and test promising candidates in humanized mice. The best approaches will then be studied in non-human primates to see if they can reach tissues where HIV hides and reduce the viral reservoir. This work is preclinical, so it is not yet a treatment option for people, but it is aimed at developing a safe, affordable, and effective approach that could move into human trials later.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: In future human trials, ideal candidates would likely be adults living with HIV who have stable viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy and are willing to try experimental cure-focused treatments.

Not a fit: People without HIV and those with uncontrolled viral replication or severe immune suppression would not be expected to benefit from this intervention as currently planned.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could shrink or eliminate the hidden HIV reservoir and move treatment closer to a true cure, potentially reducing or ending the need for lifelong antiviral pills.

How similar studies have performed: Related approaches like CAR-based immunotherapies have shown strong results in some cancers, and mRNA lipid nanoparticle delivery has proven effective for vaccines, but using in vivo mRNA-delivered CARs to clear HIV is a novel and still largely unproven strategy.

Where this research is happening

Philadelphia, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.