How type 2 immunity protects the gut from C. difficile

Role of Type 2 Immunity in Innate Protection from C. difficile

NIH-funded research University of Virginia · NIH-11319750

Learning how a specific immune response (called type 2 immunity) helps protect people from C. difficile gut infections to guide new treatments.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Virginia NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Charlottesville, United States)
Project IDNIH-11319750 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers are tracing how immune cells such as ILC2s, eosinophils, and certain macrophages work together to keep the gut lining safe and to promote healing after C. difficile infection. They combine lab models, microbiome analysis, flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing to follow the signals (like IL-25 and IL-33) that turn these protective responses on. The team builds on earlier findings that microbiota-driven type 2 responses reduce disease and prevent relapse. The goal is to identify immune targets that could lead to therapies that prevent recurrence or replace current approaches like fecal transplant.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People who have had a recent C. difficile infection or recurrent CDI would be the most relevant candidates for future clinical work stemming from this research.

Not a fit: People without C. difficile infection or whose symptoms are caused by other conditions are unlikely to benefit from these findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to immune-based treatments that lower relapse rates, reduce severe outcomes, and offer alternatives to fecal transplants for C. difficile infection.

How similar studies have performed: Prior preclinical work from this team showed that microbiota-driven type 2 immunity protects against C. difficile in lab models, but translating these findings into human treatments is still largely untested.

Where this research is happening

Charlottesville, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.