How the H. pylori VacA protein harms the stomach

Structure and function of Helicobacter pylori VacA

NIH-funded research Vanderbilt University Medical Center · NIH-11297129

Researchers are figuring out how a toxin made by the stomach bacterium H. pylori damages stomach cells and why some versions raise the risk of ulcers and cancer.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionVanderbilt University Medical Center NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Nashville, United States)
Project IDNIH-11297129 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project focuses on VacA, a protein secreted by H. pylori that can alter stomach cells and contribute to ulcers and gastric cancer. Scientists will compare different VacA gene variants and determine the protein's 3D structure and how those differences change its effects on cells. Work will use lab-grown human cell models, bacterial samples, and animal models to track how VacA helps H. pylori colonize the stomach and cause disease. The team aims to connect specific VacA features to disease risk and to identify points that could be targeted by diagnostics or therapies.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with confirmed H. pylori infection, especially those with gastritis, peptic ulcers, or a family history of gastric cancer, would be most relevant to this research.

Not a fit: People without H. pylori infection or whose stomach problems are caused by noninfectious conditions are unlikely to benefit directly from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new tests or treatments that prevent VacA-driven stomach damage and lower the risk of ulcers and gastric cancer.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have linked certain VacA types to higher disease risk and shown VacA can alter human cells in the lab, but many mechanistic details remain unresolved.

Where this research is happening

Nashville, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.