How the COVID-19 spike protein may cause airway inflammation by affecting the CFTR chloride channel

COVID-19 airway inflammation is due to Spike inhibition of CFTR signaling

NIH-funded research Henry M. Jackson Fdn for the Adv Mil/med · NIH-11257688

This project will see if the SARS‑CoV‑2 spike protein makes lungs inflamed by reducing activity of the CFTR chloride channel in human airway cells, which could explain COVID‑19 airway problems.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionHenry M. Jackson Fdn for the Adv Mil/med NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Bethesda, United States)
Project IDNIH-11257688 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers use a human 'lung‑on‑a‑chip' system and cultured human airway cells to look at whether the viral Spike protein binds with ACE2 and reduces CFTR protein and chloride channel activity. They measure downstream effects on inflammatory signaling (NFκB) and sodium channel (ENaC) activation and study how Spike disrupts CFTR recycling to the cell surface. The team also tests whether low doses of cardiac glycoside drugs (ouabain, digitoxin, digoxin) can block Spike:ACE2 binding and rescue CFTR function. Findings come from lab experiments using human‑derived epithelial cells and biochemical methods rather than from a patient drug trial.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with current or recent COVID‑19 and ongoing airway inflammation, and people with cystic fibrosis whose CFTR function is relevant, would be the most directly related patient groups for sample donation or future trials.

Not a fit: People without respiratory infection or whose breathing problems have causes unrelated to CFTR, ACE2, or Spike interactions are unlikely to benefit from this line of work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If correct, this could reveal a new reason why COVID‑19 causes airway inflammation and point to existing drugs that might help protect airway function.

How similar studies have performed: Laboratory studies have shown Spike interacts with ACE2 and can alter ion channel signaling and inflammation, and some in vitro work suggests cardiac glycosides block Spike:ACE2 binding, but applying these findings specifically to CFTR loss and airway inflammation is relatively new.

Where this research is happening

Bethesda, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.