How the coronavirus gets into cells and how to stop it

Mechanism and Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Entry

NIH-funded research Washington University · NIH-11112336

Looks for ways to block how SARS-CoV-2 enters human cells to help people with COVID-19.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionWashington University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Saint Louis, United States)
Project IDNIH-11112336 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This work watches how the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein engages human cell receptors and triggers membrane fusion using advanced single‑virion imaging. Researchers use a safe chimeric virus (VSV carrying the SARS‑CoV‑2 spike) and cell models to track which entry routes and host proteins the virus uses. They test monoclonal antibodies, soluble receptors, and small molecules to see which block entry in the model and compare those findings with real virus data. The goal is to identify promising entry blockers that could move toward therapies.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with current or recent COVID-19 infection or those at high risk of exposure could be future candidates for clinical trials based on this work.

Not a fit: Patients whose symptoms are driven mainly by late immune or inflammatory complications rather than active viral entry may not benefit from entry‑blocking treatments.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the results could point to therapies that stop infection early by preventing the virus from entering cells, potentially reducing illness and transmission.

How similar studies have performed: Monoclonal antibodies and soluble receptor approaches that block spike‑ACE2 interaction have shown benefit in other studies, and pseudovirus systems are a validated screening tool, while the single‑virion imaging adds new mechanistic detail.

Where this research is happening

Saint Louis, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions COVID-19 infection
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.