How the cold sore virus (HSV-1) changes brain cells linked to Alzheimer’s

Transcriptomics-based identification of cell type specific host genes and gene networks perturbed by HSV-1 in cerebral organoids.

['FUNDING_R01'] · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · NIH-11322713

This work looks at how the common herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) alters specific brain cells and genes that are linked to Alzheimer’s, including whether the APOE-e4 risk gene makes those effects worse.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorUNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER (nih funded)
Locations1 site (WORCESTER, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11322713 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

This project uses lab-grown "mini-brains" made from human stem cells and samples from real human brains and spinal fluid to see which brain cell types HSV-1 infects and how it changes gene activity. Researchers will compare organoids and human samples that carry different APOE genes to find out whether APOE-e4 amplifies the virus-related changes. They will use advanced single-cell and spatial gene-reading tools to map changes in each cell type across infected and uninfected tissue. The goal is to connect virus-driven molecular changes to Alzheimer’s-related genes and pathways that might be targeted in the future.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with Alzheimer’s disease, those at higher genetic risk (for example APOE-e4 carriers), or individuals willing to donate brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid for research would be the most relevant participants or sample donors.

Not a fit: Patients seeking an immediate treatment or those without Alzheimer’s-related pathology or unwilling to provide tissue/CSF samples are unlikely to receive direct benefit from this basic and translational laboratory-focused work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could reveal specific brain cells and genes affected by HSV-1 in Alzheimer’s and point toward new prevention or treatment strategies, such as targeted antivirals or therapies aimed at those pathways.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies have linked herpesviruses to Alzheimer’s-related gene networks and shown HSV-1 can promote amyloid changes, but translating these findings into proven therapies remains novel and unproven.

Where this research is happening

WORCESTER, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.