How the brain processes hypothetical choices and regrets

Neuroeconomic mechanisms of counterfactual thinking

NIH-funded research Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · NIH-11126710

This study is looking at how brain cells help us think about choices we didn't make and the feelings of regret that come with them, which could help us understand decision-making better, especially for people with mental health challenges.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11126710 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This research investigates how neurons in the brain integrate hypothetical information when making decisions, particularly focusing on counterfactual thinking and regret processing. By studying the nucleus accumbens, a key area involved in decision-making, the research aims to uncover how the brain evaluates unselected alternatives and their potential outcomes. Using advanced imaging and circuit-dissection technologies, the study will analyze the activity of specific neuron populations to understand their role in assigning value to missed opportunities. This could provide insights into cognitive functions that are often impaired in psychiatric disorders.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this research are individuals experiencing cognitive impairments related to decision-making, particularly those with affective disorders such as depression.

Not a fit: Patients who do not have cognitive impairments or affective disorders may not receive direct benefits from this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this research could lead to improved understanding and treatment of cognitive dysfunctions related to decision-making and affective disorders.

How similar studies have performed: While the specific approach of this research is innovative, similar studies in neuroeconomics have shown promise in understanding decision-making processes.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Affective Disorders
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.