How T cells spot protein fragments from viruses, tumors, and self

Decoding the interactions between T cell receptors and peptide-MHC

NIH-funded research Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center · NIH-11457395

This project will build much larger maps linking T cell receptors to the protein fragments they recognize to help people with infections, cancer, or autoimmune diseases.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionFred Hutchinson Cancer Center NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Seattle, United States)
Project IDNIH-11457395 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will create far larger and more diverse collections of T cell receptor sequences tied to the exact protein fragments (peptides) those receptors recognize. They will improve laboratory pipelines for identifying which peptide-MHC combinations trigger particular TCRs and will collect human blood and tissue samples to obtain real immune receptor data. The team will also use and refine advanced computer models (building on tools like AlphaFold) to predict which receptors bind which targets from sequence and structure information. Together these lab and computational efforts aim to make it possible to predict immune targets more reliably for clinical use.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with infections, cancer, or autoimmune disorders who can provide blood or tissue samples for immune profiling would be most suitable to participate.

Not a fit: People without immune-related conditions or those unwilling to provide biological samples are less likely to see direct benefit from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, patients could get faster and more accurate matching to immune therapies, improved vaccine targets, and better diagnostics for infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.

How similar studies have performed: Previous work showed that very dense TCR datasets can enable local prediction of specificity, but predicting TCR targets from sequence across diverse receptors remains largely unproven and this project builds new lab and computational methods to address that gap.

Where this research is happening

Seattle, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.