How sugar–fat molecules on gut and airway cells help block viruses and toxins

GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS AS SENSORS FOR EPITHELIAL CELL-AUTONOMOUS HOST DEFENSE AT MUCOSAL SURFACES MEDIATED BY DOWN-REGULATION OF THE APICAL ENDOSOME

NIH-funded research Boston Children's Hospital · NIH-11296034

This project looks at how specific fat–sugar molecules on the surfaces of mucosal cells help those cells detect and block virus and toxin entry to protect the gut and airway linings.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionBoston Children's Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Boston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11296034 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This work explores how glycosphingolipids (fat–sugar molecules) on the outer surface of airway and gut lining cells sense when viruses or bacterial toxins bind. In lab-grown human epithelial cells, researchers track how that binding triggers loss of a polarity protein (PARD6B) and down-regulates apical endosome function to stop further entry. They also measure apically directed antiviral signals, including rapid secretion of type III interferon (IFN-λ), and how those signals amplify the cell's defense. The team uses molecular and cellular experiments to map the steps that could be targeted to strengthen mucosal barriers.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with or at risk for mucosal infections of the gut or airways, or patients willing to donate mucosal tissue or samples for laboratory studies, would be the most relevant participants.

Not a fit: Patients whose illnesses are unrelated to mucosal virus/toxin entry mechanisms or who cannot provide tissue/samples are unlikely to benefit directly from this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to ways to boost the natural barrier of the gut and airways or to new treatments that prevent viruses and toxins from getting into cells.

How similar studies have performed: Previous laboratory studies have identified parts of this pathway, but translating these findings into patient-facing treatments remains novel and largely untested.

Where this research is happening

Boston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.