How sperm and egg recognize each other and fuse

Cell Surface Receptor Recognition and Membrane Fusion in Mammalian Fertilization

NIH-funded research Yale University · NIH-11262302

This project looks at how proteins on sperm and eggs help them recognize one another and merge, to improve understanding of fertilization.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionYale University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New Haven, United States)
Project IDNIH-11262302 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will study proteins on sperm and egg surfaces, including the known pair Izumo1 and Juno, to learn how they stick together and trigger membrane fusion. They will use biochemical methods, structural studies, and animal models to see how these proteins assemble and change shape during fertilization. The team will search for additional receptor–ligand pairs on gametes that are essential for fusion. Findings aim to reveal the step-by-step molecular events that allow two cells to become one.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People affected by unexplained infertility or couples interested in fertility research would be most likely to follow or join related future human studies.

Not a fit: Patients whose reproductive problems are due to hormonal, uterine, or non-gamete causes may not directly benefit from this basic cellular research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new causes of infertility and suggest targets for improved fertility treatments or novel contraceptives.

How similar studies have performed: Scientists have identified the Izumo1–Juno receptor pair as essential, but much of the membrane fusion machinery remains novel and largely unproven in humans.

Where this research is happening

New Haven, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.