How some bacterial toxins trigger inflammation

Bacterial Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins in Inflammasome Activation

NIH-funded research University of Chicago · NIH-11263707

This project looks at whether toxins from bacteria such as those that cause anthrax change cell parts and start strong inflammatory reactions that can harm patients with serious bacterial infections.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Chicago NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Chicago, United States)
Project IDNIH-11263707 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will study a family of bacterial toxins called cholesterol-dependent cytolysins to see how they rearrange parts of infected cells and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key inflammatory pathway. They will group toxins by whether they directly remodel cell organelles and use live-cell imaging, mass spectrometry, and infection models to find the specific toxin motifs and host factors involved. The team will also examine how some toxins avoid triggering the inflammasome by blocking organelle remodeling. Results are intended to point toward targets for therapies that limit harmful inflammation during severe bacterial infections.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with serious or systemic bacterial infections (for example anthrax or toxin-producing Clostridium infections) could eventually be candidates for related trials or to donate samples for this research.

Not a fit: Patients with mild, non-bacterial, or purely chronic non-infectious conditions are unlikely to receive direct benefit from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new ways to reduce damaging inflammation during serious bacterial infections, potentially improving outcomes for patients.

How similar studies have performed: Prior laboratory and animal studies have shown that blocking NLRP3 can alter infection outcomes, but applying these insights broadly across many bacterial toxins and defining the exact mechanisms is relatively novel.

Where this research is happening

Chicago, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Anthrax diseaseBacterial Infections
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.