How smoking makes flu-related pneumonia worse

Role of smoking in severe influenza virus pneumonia

NIH-funded research Veterans Health Administration · NIH-11061793

This project will see how cigarette smoking changes the immune response so people who smoke may get more severe flu-related lung injury.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionVeterans Health Administration NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Pittsburgh, United States)
Project IDNIH-11061793 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers use a two-hit model where mice are exposed to cigarette smoke for four weeks and then given influenza A virus to mimic how smoking affects flu lung disease. They use live imaging and lab tests to watch immune cells in the lung and measure platelet-rich neutrophil-platelet aggregates (NPAs), neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and signaling molecules like TLR7 and caspase-11. The team will study whether these platelet and neutrophil changes drive worse lung injury and test whether blocking those pathways reduces damage. Results could point to blood-based targets or treatments to lower severe lung injury in people who smoke.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults who currently smoke or recently quit, especially veterans or others with a history of tobacco use and prior severe influenza, would be the most relevant group for future related studies.

Not a fit: People who never smoked, or whose lung problems are from non-infectious causes or illnesses unrelated to influenza, are less likely to benefit from this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to new treatments that prevent or reduce severe flu-related lung injury in people who smoke.

How similar studies have performed: Epidemiology and clinical data already show smokers have worse flu outcomes, but targeting platelet–neutrophil aggregates, NETs, or caspase-11 is a newer, largely preclinical approach not yet proven in patients.

Where this research is happening

Pittsburgh, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acute Lung InjuryAcute Pulmonary Injury
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.