How pupil-linked arousal changes sensory signals in the brain

Noradrenergic and Cholinergic Mechanisms Underlying Pupil-linked Arousal Modulation of Thalamic Sensory Processing

NIH-funded research Columbia Univ New York Morningside · NIH-11161559

This research looks at how changes in attention and arousal, tracked by pupil size, alter sensory signaling in the brain and relate to conditions like ADHD, Parkinson’s, and depression.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionColumbia Univ New York Morningside NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11161559 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient perspective, researchers are exploring how natural fluctuations in attention and arousal — which show up as changes in pupil size — change the way the thalamus processes sensory information. The team will focus on two brain chemical systems, norepinephrine and acetylcholine, and how their receptors in the thalamus shape sensory signals and perception. Experiments will combine pupil tracking with targeted neural recordings and molecular tools to manipulate these systems, mainly using established laboratory models and circuit-level techniques. The goal is to link receptor-level mechanisms to the pupil patterns already seen in people with attention and arousal disorders.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with attention or arousal-related conditions such as ADHD, Parkinson’s disease, depression, or sensory processing problems would be most likely to benefit from or be relevant to this line of research.

Not a fit: Patients whose symptoms come from purely peripheral sensory loss or non-neurological causes are unlikely to receive direct benefit from these brain-focused findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could improve how clinicians use pupil measurements to monitor brain arousal and point to new targets for treatments that help attention and perception.

How similar studies have performed: Previous human and animal work has connected pupil size to arousal and locus coeruleus activity, but the detailed role of adrenergic and cholinergic receptors in thalamic sensory processing remains less explored.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.