How PAD4 changes a brain protein in Alzheimer’s and LATE dementia

Emerging role of PAD4 mediated TDP-43 citrullination in the neuropathology of LATE and Alzheimer’s Disease Related Dementias

NIH-funded research University of Kentucky · NIH-11298956

This project looks at whether an enzyme called PAD4 makes a chemical change to the brain protein TDP‑43 that leads to harmful clumping in people with Alzheimer’s disease and LATE dementia.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Kentucky NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Lexington, United States)
Project IDNIH-11298956 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will examine brain tissue from people with Alzheimer’s and LATE to see where PAD4 and citrullinated TDP‑43 appear in the human brain. They will use a new mouse model that mimics TDP‑43 changes and lab-grown neuronal cells to study how PAD4 causes TDP‑43 to move out of the nucleus and form toxic clumps. The team will test genetic and molecular changes to PAD4 activity and measure resulting nerve cell damage and memory-related effects in mice. Together these approaches aim to connect the molecular change to brain damage and cognitive decline.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living with Alzheimer’s disease or signs of LATE, or families willing to donate brain tissue or participate in related sample collection, would be the candidates for contributing to this work.

Not a fit: People whose dementia is driven by causes unrelated to TDP‑43 pathology may not benefit from PAD4‑focused approaches.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the work could point to PAD4 or citrullinated TDP‑43 as new targets for treatments that slow or prevent TDP‑43–related dementia.

How similar studies have performed: TDP‑43 has been linked to several dementias before, but targeting PAD4‑mediated citrullination of TDP‑43 is a novel idea that has only early experimental support.

Where this research is happening

Lexington, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Alzheimer's Disease and its related dementiasAlzheimer's disease and related dementiaAlzheimer's disease and related disordersAlzheimer's disease and related forms of dementiaAlzheimer's disease or a related dementia
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.