How norovirus hides from the gut immune system

Viral immune evasion during intestinal norovirus infection

NIH-funded research Brown University · NIH-11258057

This project is learning how norovirus evades gut immune defenses to help people with intestinal virus infections get better prevention and treatments.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionBrown University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Providence, United States)
Project IDNIH-11258057 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

The team uses a mouse model of norovirus infection and lab studies of intestinal epithelial cells to see how infected cells and nearby 'bystander' cells trigger antiviral interferon responses. They focus on the RIG-I/MDA5 sensing pathway and the interferon-λ response that protects the gut lining. Preliminary work suggests the virus secretes a protein called NS1 that binds the cell surface receptor Syndecan-4 to blunt antiviral signaling across the tissue. The researchers will define how NS1-Syndecan-4 interaction suppresses RIG-I/MDA5-driven immunity and test the molecular steps involved.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People who have had recent norovirus infections or who can provide stool or intestinal tissue samples for research would be the most relevant candidates for related human sample collection.

Not a fit: Patients without gastrointestinal viral infections or those with unrelated chronic non-enteric conditions are unlikely to directly benefit from this specific line of lab-based work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new ways to block norovirus immune evasion or boost gut antiviral responses to prevent or lessen intestinal infections.

How similar studies have performed: Researchers have previously mapped RIG-I/MDA5 and interferon pathways, but using a secreted viral protein to suppress tissue-wide sensing via Syndecan-4 is a novel mechanism that has not yet been proven in humans.

Where this research is happening

Providence, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-14 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.