How mitochondrial problems and autism-linked genes change neurons

Resolving the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and the impact of non-syndromic autism spectrum disorder-related risk genes on neuronal structure and function

NIH-funded research Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · NIH-11319789

This project tests whether mild mitochondrial problems make certain autism-related gene changes more likely to harm how brain cells form and connect in people with non-syndromic autism.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11319789 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers are using patient-derived stem cells turned into neurons to model a "two-hit" combination of autism-linked gene changes and mild mitochondrial dysfunction. They will create cell lines carrying mutations in PPP2R5D, SHANK3, or GRIN2B together with about 30% mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy to mimic reduced neuronal bioenergetics. Using both 2D neurons and 3D brain organoids, the team will image and reconstruct neurons and networks, measure soma size and dendritic morphology, and count synapses. The goal is to link these combined genetic and mitochondrial changes to how neurons develop and form connections, which could point to new targets to help people with non-syndromic autism.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with non-syndromic autism who carry changes in PPP2R5D, SHANK3, or GRIN2B or who have known mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy would be most relevant for this research.

Not a fit: Individuals without these specific gene changes or mitochondrial DNA differences, or those with syndromic forms of autism unrelated to these genes, are less likely to benefit directly from these findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could explain variability in autism symptoms and suggest mitochondrial-focused strategies to improve brain development or function.

How similar studies have performed: iPSC-derived neurons and brain organoids have been used successfully before to model autism and mitochondrial defects, but pairing specific autism genes with controlled mtDNA heteroplasmy is a novel approach.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Autistic Disorder
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.