How mitochondrial DNA and ZBP1 contribute to vision loss in glaucoma

The Role of mtDNA/ZBP1 in Retinal Neurodegeneration

NIH-funded research University of Texas Med Br Galveston · NIH-11261171

This project looks at whether damaged mitochondrial DNA and the sensor protein ZBP1 cause retinal nerve cell loss in people with glaucoma.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Texas Med Br Galveston NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Galveston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11261171 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will study how mitochondrial DNA damaged by stress can leak out of cells and activate the immune sensor ZBP1, potentially triggering inflammation and death of retinal ganglion cells that carry vision signals. They will use laboratory cell models and animal models that mimic high eye pressure, and analyze human eye tissue or fluid samples when available to trace this pathway. The team will manipulate ZBP1 activity and mitochondrial DNA release using genetic and molecular tools to see if blocking these steps slows or prevents nerve cell loss. Findings could point to new ways to protect retinal cells beyond lowering eye pressure.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with glaucoma, particularly those whose vision keeps worsening despite treatments to lower intraocular pressure, could be candidates to provide samples or join future clinical testing.

Not a fit: People without glaucoma or with other types of eye disease, and patients whose glaucoma is stable with current treatments, are unlikely to benefit directly from this research right away.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new molecular targets to prevent or slow vision loss in glaucoma patients who continue to worsen despite controlled eye pressure.

How similar studies have performed: Related research has linked mitochondrial DNA–driven inflammation to neurodegeneration, but targeting ZBP1 specifically in glaucoma is a newer and less-tested approach.

Where this research is happening

Galveston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.