How LAT protein clumps help T cells recognize threats

The role of LAT protein condensation phase transitions in T cell signaling

NIH-funded research University of California, San Francisco · NIH-11325021

Researchers are looking at how a protein called LAT forms membrane clumps that help T cells tell harmful invaders from harmless self-molecules, which could improve immune therapies for people with immune conditions.

Quick facts

Grant typeP01 program project
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California, San Francisco NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (San Francisco, United States)
Project IDNIH-11325021 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project watches how LAT proteins on T cells form two-dimensional surface condensates that change how signals are passed inside the cell. Scientists use advanced microscopy, biophysical measurements, and lab-grown cell systems to mimic T cell encounters with antigens. They compare normal and altered LAT behavior to understand how T cells reliably detect very rare foreign molecules among many self-molecules. The findings aim to guide better T-cell–based treatments in the future.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with immune-related disorders (for example autoimmune disease or immunodeficiency) or patients who may later enroll in T-cell therapy trials would be most relevant to this work.

Not a fit: Patients without immune-related conditions or those seeking immediate clinical treatment are unlikely to get direct benefit from this basic laboratory research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could help design safer and more effective T-cell therapies and improve understanding of autoimmune triggers.

How similar studies have performed: Related laboratory studies have shown LAT condensation can alter T cell signaling, but moving those basic findings into clinical treatments is still at an early stage.

Where this research is happening

San Francisco, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.