How jaw precursor cells control jaw bone growth

Mesenchymal Regulation of Osteogenesis

NIH-funded research University of California, San Francisco · NIH-11310722

Learning how embryonic jaw precursor cells set jaw length to help people born with jaw differences or facial clefts.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California, San Francisco NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (San Francisco, United States)
Project IDNIH-11310722 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project studies the embryonic cells (neural crest mesenchyme) that build the jaw to understand what makes jaws short or long. Researchers transplant these jaw‑forming cells between quail and duck embryos—animals with naturally different jaw sizes—to see which genes and signals determine jaw length. They focus on the TGF‑beta pathway and genes like Runx2 and Mmp13 that drive bone formation and resorption, and they test what happens when those genes are increased or blocked. The goal is to map the cellular steps that lead to jaw size differences and identify targets for future treatments.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People born with jaw-size abnormalities—such as mandibular hypoplasia (small jaw), retrognathia, asymmetry, or cleft‑related jaw problems—are the intended beneficiaries of the findings.

Not a fit: Individuals whose facial problems are primarily due to trauma, infection, nerve disorders, or soft‑tissue issues rather than developmental jaw bone defects are less likely to benefit directly from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: Could identify molecular targets that lead to new therapies or surgical-adjunct approaches to correct or prevent jaw malformations such as small, asymmetrical, or cleft‑related jaws.

How similar studies have performed: Previous animal and molecular studies have linked TGF‑beta signaling, Runx2, and Mmp13 to bone growth and jaw size and have shown jaw changes when these genes are altered, while the quail‑duck chimera approach offers a novel comparative method.

Where this research is happening

San Francisco, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.