How inflammasome differences in men and women affect gum disease

Inflammasome regulation underlying sexual dimorphism in periodontitis

NIH-funded research Univ of North Carolina Chapel Hill · NIH-11283972

This project looks at whether differences in an immune system component called the inflammasome explain why gum disease causes more severe tissue and bone loss in men than in women.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniv of North Carolina Chapel Hill NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Chapel Hill, United States)
Project IDNIH-11283972 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

You would receive gum exams and provide small samples of blood and possibly gum tissue so researchers can measure inflammasome activity and related inflammatory signals. The team will compare those immune signals between men and women and link them to the degree of tissue and bone loss. They will also run laboratory and model-based experiments to see which inflammasome pathways protect or damage periodontal tissue in each sex. The aim is to reveal sex-specific biological routes that could become targets for new therapies to prevent tooth loss.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults (21+) with periodontitis, especially those with ongoing bone loss or a 'hyper-inflammatory' form of gum disease despite standard care, would be the best fit.

Not a fit: People without gum disease, children, or those whose dental problems are primarily due to trauma or non-inflammatory causes are unlikely to benefit directly.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: This work could lead to new treatments that reduce inflammation-driven tooth and bone loss and that are tailored to biological sex.

How similar studies have performed: Inflammasome-targeting approaches have shown promise in laboratory and animal studies for other inflammatory diseases, but applying them to sex differences in human periodontitis is relatively new.

Where this research is happening

Chapel Hill, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.