How immune signals and macrophage inflammation affect viral pneumonia in children

Elucidating the role of type I interferon signaling and macrophage-derived inflammation in the juvenile host with viral pneumonia

NIH-funded research Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago · NIH-11313817

Researchers are testing whether lowering a specific immune signal (type I interferon) can reduce harmful lung inflammation in young children with viral pneumonia.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionLurie Children's Hospital of Chicago NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Chicago, United States)
Project IDNIH-11313817 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This work looks at why children are more likely than adults to develop severe viral pneumonia by studying differences in early immune responses. The team uses juvenile and adult mouse models to track how type I interferon signaling drives recruitment and activation of inflammatory macrophages in the lungs. They use genetic deletion and drugs to block the interferon receptor on recruited macrophages and measure effects on lung inflammation and survival. Results will help decide if targeting this immune pathway could become a treatment idea for children with severe viral lung infections.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: This is most relevant to infants and young children (toddlers and preschoolers) who are hospitalized with severe viral pneumonia or at high risk for immune-driven respiratory failure.

Not a fit: Adults, people whose illness is driven mainly by uncontrolled viral replication rather than immune-driven inflammation, or those with unrelated lung conditions are less likely to benefit from this approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to treatments that reduce damaging lung inflammation and improve survival in children hospitalized with viral pneumonia.

How similar studies have performed: Preclinical mouse studies, including the investigators' preliminary data, show that blocking macrophage type I IFN signaling can improve survival, but this approach has not yet been tested in human children.

Where this research is happening

Chicago, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.