How immune cells change after a kidney transplant

Monocyte and Macrophage Functional Evolution in Kidney Transplantation

NIH-funded research Duke University · NIH-11187001

Researchers are testing ways to block specific immune cell signals to help transplanted kidneys last longer for people who receive kidney transplants.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionDuke University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Durham, United States)
Project IDNIH-11187001 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This research looks at how recipient monocytes enter a transplanted kidney and then change into different types of macrophages that can drive rejection or long-term scarring. In animal work, blocking a receptor called AXL early after transplant reduced rejection, and blocking a protein called AIF-1 during ischemia reduced later fibrosis. The team will map the timing and roles of these cells and proteins to find when and how interventions might work. The goal is to identify targets that could be turned into treatments to protect transplanted kidneys.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults who have received or are scheduled to receive a kidney transplant, especially those at higher risk of rejection or ischemia-reperfusion injury, would be the most relevant candidates.

Not a fit: People without kidney transplants or whose kidney problems are unrelated to transplant immune responses are unlikely to benefit directly from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to new therapies that reduce early rejection and long-term scarring, helping transplanted kidneys survive longer.

How similar studies have performed: Previous preclinical (animal) studies showed that inhibiting AXL or AIF-1 reduced rejection and fibrosis, but these approaches have not yet been proven in human patients.

Where this research is happening

Durham, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.