How immune cells and hormones affect dialysis fistula veins

Adaptive immunity regulates arteriovenous fistula remodeling

NIH-funded research Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · NIH-11238427

This work looks at how the immune system and sex hormones change the vein used for dialysis fistulas in people with kidney failure.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11238427 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you need a dialysis fistula, this research uses a mouse model that mimics how a human vein adapts to higher blood flow and chronic kidney disease to study immune effects. The team creates arteriovenous fistulas in mice (including a 5/6-nephrectomy CKD model) and examines innate and adaptive immune cell activity, vein wall thickness, and other signs of maturation. They pay special attention to sex differences and molecular signals that could explain why fistulas sometimes fail to mature, with the goal of finding targets for new treatments that help veins adapt better.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with end-stage kidney disease who need or already have an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis—especially those with poorly maturing or failed fistulas and women who experience worse outcomes—are most likely to benefit from future therapies based on this work.

Not a fit: Patients who do not use hemodialysis or who rely on other forms of vascular access (such as central venous catheters or synthetic grafts) may not directly benefit from these findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to treatments that help fistulas mature and stay open longer, reducing repeat surgeries and improving dialysis access.

How similar studies have performed: Animal studies and early analyses of human vascular tissue suggest immune cells influence fistula remodeling, but translating those findings into proven patient treatments is still limited.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.