How HIV proteins and cocaine may cause brain inflammation by damaging blood vessels

The Role of Endothelial Injury and Myeloid Cell Migration in the Activation of Inflammasomes in HIV infection and Cocaine Exposure

NIH-funded research Howard University · NIH-11194973

This work will look at whether HIV proteins together with cocaine damage blood vessel cells and trigger brain inflammation in people living with HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionHoward University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Washington, United States)
Project IDNIH-11194973 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient's point of view, scientists will use laboratory models including HIV-transgenic mice and cell experiments to mimic how HIV proteins and cocaine affect the brain's blood vessels and immune cells. They will measure whether injured endothelial (blood vessel) cells let more immune cells into the brain and whether those immune cells activate inflammatory complexes called inflammasomes. The team will look at markers such as NLRP3 and reactive oxygen species, and compare effects with and without cocaine exposure. Results will help clarify how blood‑brain barrier injury and immune cell movement together drive chronic brain inflammation in people with HIV.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living with HIV, especially those with a history of cocaine use or concerns about memory, thinking, or other cognitive symptoms, are the population this research is meant to help.

Not a fit: People without HIV or whose cognitive issues are unrelated to HIV or substance exposure are unlikely to directly benefit from this specific research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new ways to prevent or treat HIV-associated brain inflammation and cognitive problems.

How similar studies have performed: Previous laboratory studies have shown HIV proteins and cocaine can boost inflammatory signals in immune cells, but combining endothelial injury and immune cell migration to explain brain inflammation is a newer approach.

Where this research is happening

Washington, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.