How HIV medicines change body fat, fat cell function, and fat inflammation

Pathophysiology of Metabolically Detrimental Changes in Adipose Distribution, Adipocyte Function, and Adipose Immune Environment on Antiretroviral Therapy

['FUNDING_R01'] · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · NIH-11290409

This project looks at why people with HIV starting integrase-based HIV medicines often gain unhealthy fat around organs and how that affects metabolism.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorVANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER (nih funded)
Locations1 site (NASHVILLE, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11290409 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

If you join, the team will follow people with HIV who start integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)–based therapy during the first year of treatment. They will measure diet, activity, energy expenditure and fatty acid oxidation, use advanced imaging to map fat in the abdomen, liver and muscle, and take small subcutaneous fat samples using micro-liposuction. Those fat samples will be analyzed with single-cell gene sequencing and tissue gene expression to see how fat cells and immune cells are behaving. Combining these methods will help link changes in energy balance and inflammation to the buildup of harmful visceral and ectopic fat.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults with HIV who are starting or are within their first year on INSTI-based antiretroviral therapy and who can attend in-person visits and undergo metabolic testing and small fat sampling.

Not a fit: People without HIV, those not on INSTI-based therapy, or those unwilling or unable to have imaging or fat biopsies are unlikely to benefit directly from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: Could reveal why harmful fat gain happens on modern ART and point to ways to prevent or treat insulin resistance, fatty liver, and heart disease in people with HIV.

How similar studies have performed: Previous work has documented weight and central fat gain with some ART regimens, but integrating detailed metabolism measures with single-cell adipose tissue analysis and imaging is a relatively new and less-tested approach.

Where this research is happening

NASHVILLE, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus, Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.