How HIV and methamphetamine trigger inflammation in brain support cells

Epigenetic regulation of astrocyte-specific NLRP6 inflammasome and PANoptosis in HIV Tat and methamphetamine-mediated neuroinflammation

NIH-funded research University of Nebraska Medical Center · NIH-11320900

This work looks at how the HIV protein Tat and methamphetamine cause harmful inflammation in brain support cells that can worsen thinking problems in people with HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Omaha, United States)
Project IDNIH-11320900 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will use lab-grown cells, pieces of brain tissue, and animal models to see how HIV Tat and methamphetamine turn on a specific inflammation pathway (the NLRP6 inflammasome) in astrocytes. They will study epigenetic changes that switch this pathway on and how that leads to a form of cell death called PANoptosis. The team aims to map the molecular steps that cause neuroinflammation so future treatments can target these steps and protect brain function. Work combines experiments in cells (in vitro), patient-derived or ex vivo tissue, and whole-animal (in vivo) models to build a complete picture.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living with HIV who have cognitive symptoms or a history of methamphetamine use would be most relevant to this line of research.

Not a fit: People without HIV, or whose cognitive problems are due to other causes, are unlikely to benefit directly from this specific research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the findings could point to new drug targets to reduce brain inflammation and help preserve thinking and memory in people living with HIV, especially those who use methamphetamine.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies link inflammasomes to NeuroHIV and substance use, but focusing on astrocyte-specific NLRP6 and PANoptosis is a newer, less-tested approach.

Where this research is happening

Omaha, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.