How HIV affects vaginal viruses and preterm birth risk in pregnant South African women

Influence of HIV infection on vaginal virome and risk of preterm birth in pregnant South African women

NIH-funded research Seattle Children's Hospital · NIH-11379712

This project looks at whether HIV changes the mix of viruses in the vagina and whether those changes are linked to earlier births among pregnant women in South Africa.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionSeattle Children's Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Seattle, United States)
Project IDNIH-11379712 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

The team will compare pregnant women living with HIV to pregnant women without HIV to characterize the vaginal virome (all viruses present, including bacteriophages and human viruses such as HPV). Vaginal samples will be collected during pregnancy and analyzed with genetic sequencing to identify viral families and patterns. Researchers will link virome profiles to birth outcomes, including preterm birth, and examine whether HIV itself or antiretroviral treatment better explains any observed risks. The goal is to find viral signatures or mechanisms that could explain the higher preterm birth rate among women with HIV.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Pregnant women in South Africa, particularly those living with HIV (and comparable pregnant women without HIV) who can provide vaginal samples and be followed through delivery, are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: People who are not pregnant, cannot attend participating clinics in South Africa, or are unwilling to provide vaginal samples are unlikely to be eligible or to benefit directly from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could reveal viral markers or pathways that help prevent or reduce preterm birth among pregnant women living with HIV.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have linked vaginal bacteria and HPV to birth outcomes and shown virome changes in people with HIV, but applying comprehensive vaginal virome analysis specifically to preterm birth is largely new.

Where this research is happening

Seattle, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.