How head injuries cause long-term nerve-fiber damage and raise dementia risk

Axonal Pathology and TBI-Related Neurodegeneration (TReND)

NIH-funded research University of Pennsylvania · NIH-11261136

This project compares people with a single moderate/severe head injury or repeated mild head injuries to see how those injuries cause lasting nerve-fiber damage and increase the chance of Alzheimer’s and related dementias.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Philadelphia, United States)
Project IDNIH-11261136 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you had one moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) or many mild TBIs, this work compares your brain changes with people who had normal aging or Alzheimer’s disease to understand long-term effects. The team focuses on diffuse axonal injury — damage to the brain’s nerve fibers — and examines whether some axons repair while others go on to degenerate. They combine brain tissue examinations, clinical histories, and imaging or biomarker data to map how TBI-related pathologies evolve over time. The goal is to clarify how different forms of TBI lead to Alzheimer-like and other dementia-related changes.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates include people with a history of a single moderate or severe TBI or those with repetitive mild head injuries, especially if they can provide clinical follow-up or brain-tissue donation.

Not a fit: People without any history of head injury or whose cognitive problems stem from unrelated causes may not directly benefit from this specific research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could help identify which people with past TBIs are most at risk for dementia and point to treatments that protect or repair nerve fibers.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research has linked TBI to later dementia and CTE, but focused human studies on axonal repair versus degeneration as a driver of TBI-related neurodegeneration are relatively new.

Where this research is happening

Philadelphia, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Alzheimer disease dementiaAlzheimer syndrome
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.