How having an extra chromosome changes lung immune defenses in Down syndrome

Emulating Immune Dysregulation by Trisomy 21 in a Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip System

NIH-funded research University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh · NIH-11124158

This project uses lung-on-a-chip devices to mimic how the extra chromosome in Down syndrome alters lung immune responses and why people with Down syndrome get more frequent or severe respiratory infections.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Pittsburgh, United States)
Project IDNIH-11124158 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you or a loved one has Down syndrome, researchers will build tiny lab devices called organs-on-chips that recreate lung tissue, blood flow, and immune cells. They will compare chips made with cells that have an extra copy of chromosome 21 to chips with typical cells and expose them to respiratory germs while watching immune cell behavior and inflammation in real time. The team will focus on how myeloid immune cells and interferon signaling behave differently and test ways to correct harmful overactive responses. Results are meant to point toward treatments or preventive approaches to reduce dangerous lung infections in people with Down syndrome.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with Down syndrome—particularly adults who have recurrent respiratory infections or who can provide blood or tissue samples—would be the most relevant candidates for related sample donation or future trials.

Not a fit: People without Down syndrome or those with non-infectious lung problems may not directly benefit from this specific research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify targets to prevent or reduce severe respiratory infections in people with Down syndrome.

How similar studies have performed: Organs-on-chips have successfully modeled lung infection and immune responses in other settings, but applying them to trisomy 21 immune dysregulation is a novel approach.

Where this research is happening

Pittsburgh, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Airway infections
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.