How glucagon affects blood sugar, amino acids, and liver fat

Glucagon secretion and action in humans

NIH-funded research Mayo Clinic Rochester · NIH-11138607

This work looks at why adults with or without type 2 diabetes respond differently to glucagon, a hormone that helps control blood sugar, amino acids, and liver fat.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionMayo Clinic Rochester NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Rochester, United States)
Project IDNIH-11138607 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will measure glucagon levels, amino acids, and markers of liver metabolism in adults to see how these responses vary between people with healthy livers and those with fatty liver or type 2 diabetes. They will examine hormone responses after meals and during periods of caloric restriction, using blood sampling and metabolic testing to track glucose production, amino acid clearance, and fat breakdown. The team will explore whether glucagon’s effects on glucose are linked or separate from its actions on amino acid and lipid metabolism and whether a liver–alpha cell feedback loop seen in animals exists in humans. Results will come from comparing groups of participants and their metabolic responses over time.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults with or at risk for type 2 diabetes, especially those with fatty liver (hepatic steatosis) or recent weight changes, would be the most likely candidates.

Not a fit: Children, people with type 1 diabetes, or those whose conditions are unrelated to glucagon or liver metabolism would likely not benefit directly from this work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could lead to better ways to target glucagon-related pathways to improve blood sugar control and liver health in people with or at risk for type 2 diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Prior research has clarified glucagon’s role in glucose production, but linking glucagon to amino acid clearance, fat metabolism, and a liver–alpha cell feedback loop in humans remains largely new and unproven.

Where this research is happening

Rochester, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.