How girls' brains and development change with autism

Neural and developmental trajectories of females with autism spectrum disorder

NIH-funded research University of California at Davis · NIH-11306041

Following nearly 100 girls with autism from early to middle childhood to track brain and behavior changes and emerging mental health issues.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California at Davis NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Davis, United States)
Project IDNIH-11306041 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If your child joins, researchers will bring nearly 100 girls with autism back for a fourth visit to look at brain scans and behavior over time. They use MRI brain imaging along with standardized behavioral and psychiatric measures at multiple time points to see how brain structure and symptoms change from early to middle childhood. This work builds on the Girls with Autism – Neuroimaging of Development (GAIN) group that first followed children from ages 2–6 and extends that follow-up as participants grow older. The team aims to find patterns that are specific to girls and that might help predict later challenges.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Girls diagnosed with autism in early to middle childhood (roughly ages 2–12) who can travel to the study site for MRI and behavioral visits.

Not a fit: Boys, adults, children without an ASD diagnosis, or those unable to undergo MRI scans are unlikely to directly benefit from participating.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: Findings could help improve early identification and lead to more tailored supports or treatments for girls with autism.

How similar studies have performed: Longitudinal imaging of females with ASD has been very limited, so this work builds on earlier GAIN visits but female-specific findings remain relatively novel.

Where this research is happening

Davis, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.