How fentanyl and methamphetamine together can block breathing and cause muscle stiffness

Airway compromise and skeletal muscle rigidity as toxicity contributors in synthetic opioid and methamphetamine co-administered rats

NIH-funded research Massachusetts General Hospital · NIH-11184224

This research tests whether powerful synthetic opioids, alone or with methamphetamine, cause airway closure and stiff muscles that worsen overdoses, to help people affected by these drugs.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionMassachusetts General Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Boston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11184224 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will use controlled experiments in rats to see whether fentanyl, a more potent opioid (sufentanil), and methamphetamine cause glottic (airway) closure and skeletal muscle rigidity that contribute to breathing failure. They will compare drugs with different onset rates to determine whether faster-acting opioids produce more severe airway compromise. The team will also test whether drugs known to prevent or reverse opioid-induced rigidity, such as dexmedetomidine, can stop or reverse airway closure. Findings are intended to point toward treatments or emergency strategies that could be tested later in people.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: This research is most relevant to adults who use fentanyl or methamphetamine, people at risk of overdose, and clinicians or first responders who treat overdoses.

Not a fit: People who are not exposed to opioids or stimulants and those needing immediate clinical care will not directly benefit because this is an animal study rather than a human trial.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to better emergency treatments or preventive strategies to reduce deaths from fentanyl and methamphetamine overdoses.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies show opioids can cause muscle rigidity and breathing problems in animals and humans, but combining potent synthetic opioids with methamphetamine and testing reversal strategies is relatively new and less well understood.

Where this research is happening

Boston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.