How fat stem cells drive unhealthy changes in body fat

Regulation of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell Fate and Adipose Tissue Remodeling

NIH-funded research University of Pennsylvania · NIH-11251950

Scientists are exploring how certain stem-like cells in fat change during obesity and how that may worsen inflammation, type 2 diabetes, and heart risk in people with obesity.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Philadelphia, United States)
Project IDNIH-11251950 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project examines mesenchymal progenitor cells, which are stem-like cells in adipose (fat) tissue, and how they shift into a pro-inflammatory, cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like state during obesity. Researchers are studying key molecules such as the transcription factor SOX4 and the growth factor Midkine (MDK) that rise in these cells and may control fat formation, scarring, and immune activity. The work combines human tissue analyses, cellular and molecular experiments, and animal models to connect basic mechanisms to human type 2 diabetes. The team aims to identify molecular targets that could be used to reduce harmful fat inflammation and improve metabolic health.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults with obesity, insulin resistance, or type 2 diabetes would be the most relevant candidates to contribute tissue samples or participate in future related trials.

Not a fit: People without obesity or metabolic disease, or whose conditions are unrelated to adipose tissue inflammation, are unlikely to receive direct benefit from this specific work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new targets to lower harmful fat inflammation and improve blood sugar control and cardiovascular risk for people with obesity and diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies show that reducing fat inflammation can improve metabolism, but the specific CAF-like conversion of fat progenitor cells is a newer finding that is still being tested.

Where this research is happening

Philadelphia, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Adult-Onset Diabetes MellitusCancersCardiometabolic DiseaseCardiometabolic Disorder
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.