How early-life respiratory viruses shape a baby's immune development

Early life respiratory viral infections shape immune development trajectories

NIH-funded research St. Jude Children's Research Hospital · NIH-11326814

This project follows infants who had COVID-19 or the flu and healthy infants to learn how those early infections shape immune development over three years.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Memphis, United States)
Project IDNIH-11326814 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If your baby had COVID-19 or influenza, researchers will enroll them and follow their immune responses for three years alongside healthy infants with no such infections. The team will collect blood samples after infection and after routine vaccinations to track antibody levels and changes in immune cells over time. They will use advanced lab methods (including ATAC-seq) and antibody tests to see which parts of the immune system are activated and how immune memory forms. The studies compare patterns between babies who had SARS-CoV-2, those who had influenza, and healthy peers to chart different immune development paths.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates are infants and young children (0–11 years) who had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 or influenza infections as infants, plus healthy infants without those infections for comparison.

Not a fit: People older than the enrolled age range or those without prior COVID-19 or influenza exposure likely would not benefit directly from participation.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could guide better vaccines and treatments for infants by revealing how first infections shape long-term immunity.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research shows early influenza infections can imprint the immune system and that COVID-19 is often milder in infants, but directly comparing long-term immune trajectories across these groups is relatively new.

Where this research is happening

Memphis, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.