How dying brain cells are recognized and removed

How are necrotic neurons recognized by their phagocytes

['FUNDING_R01'] · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · NIH-11378881

Researchers are learning how immune cells in the brain find and clear dying neurons to help understand Alzheimer's and brain injury.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorBAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE (nih funded)
Locations1 site (HOUSTON, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11378881 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

This project uses the roundworm C. elegans as a simple animal model to study how engulfing cells spot and eat dying neurons. The team focuses on how phosphatidylserine (PS), a surface signal, becomes exposed on necrotic and apoptotic cells to attract phagocytes. Experiments track molecular steps that lead to PS exposure and follow how engulfing cells internalize and degrade neuronal debris. Because many cell clearance mechanisms are conserved, the findings may shed light on processes that go wrong in Alzheimer’s disease and after brain injury.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living with Alzheimer's disease or individuals recovering from stroke or traumatic brain injury are the most likely eventual candidates to benefit from therapies informed by this research.

Not a fit: Patients without neurological conditions or whose illnesses do not involve neuron degeneration are unlikely to see direct benefits in the near term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the work could reveal molecular steps that control clearance of dying neurons and point to new targets to reduce neuron and synapse loss in Alzheimer's and after brain injury.

How similar studies have performed: Prior research has shown that phosphatidylserine acts as an 'eat-me' signal and that microglial phagocytosis can drive synapse loss in Alzheimer's, so parts of this approach build on established findings while applying them to necrotic neurons.

Where this research is happening

HOUSTON, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Alzheimer disease dementia, Alzheimer syndrome, Alzheimer's Disease

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.