How diabetes-linked genes change mitochondria in insulin-producing cells

Type 2 diabetes risk variant effects on mitochondrial (patho)physiology

NIH-funded research Jackson Laboratory · NIH-11328811

This project looks at whether common genetic changes linked to type 2 diabetes alter mitochondria in pancreatic beta cells and contribute to insulin problems.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionJackson Laboratory NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Bar Harbor, United States)
Project IDNIH-11328811 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

The team will use donated human pancreatic islets and beta-cell–specific mouse models to connect diabetes-associated DNA variants to mitochondrial function. They will apply CRISPR-based epigenomic editing to change regulatory DNA elements tied to GWAS variants and observe resulting gene expression changes in beta cells. Mitochondrial bioenergetics, insulin secretion, and cell health will be measured to find which non-coding variants lead to mitochondrial defects. The work aims to map variant-to-mitochondria mechanisms that could underlie early beta-cell failure before full-blown diabetes.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Donors or patients with impaired glucose tolerance, pre-diabetes, or type 2 diabetes who can provide pancreatic tissue or participate in islet donation programs would be most relevant to this work.

Not a fit: Patients seeking immediate changes to their medical care are unlikely to benefit directly from this laboratory-focused, mechanistic project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could reveal new molecular targets to prevent or treat beta-cell failure in type 2 diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research has reported mitochondrial defects in human beta cells and early CRISPR-based work has linked regulatory variants to gene expression, but combining these exact methods to prove variant-to-mitochondria causality is relatively new.

Where this research is happening

Bar Harbor, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.